Radiator



May 27. |924.

A. KEHM RADIATOR Filed Jan. 3. 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 27, 1924.1,495,748

A. KEHM RADIATOR Filed Jan. 5, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 5lllllllllllllllllllll!! Patented May 27, 1924.

UNITED STATES AUGUST KEHM, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

RADIATOR.

Application led January 3, 1920. Serial No. 349,136.

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUST KnHM,y a citizen of the United States, andresident of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Radiators, of which thefollowing is a specification, and which are illustrated in theaccompanying drawings forming a part thereof.

The invention relates to radiators and has for its object to improvetheir appearance and eiciency, to effect a more uniform distribution ofheat throughout the rooms which they serve and to prevent the localdiscoloration of walls or ceilings by the continued Contact therewith ofcurrents of warm air over relatively small areas. In the great majorityof installations, radiators are most conveniently located near the wallsor windows. Unless some form of shield or delector is employed, theupward movement of the heated air about the radiator results in anobjectionable accumulation of dirt on the adjacent wall or window andupon the ceiling.

While a shield or deflector may be em.

ployed to reduce the accumulation of dirt upon the adjacent wall above aradiator, these devices are unsightly and their use results in asubstantial reduction in the velocity of the air movement over theheated surfaces of the radiator. This so reduces the eiiciency of theradiator that it has been the ractice to increase the size of theradiator or a given installation when it is known that a shield ordelector is to be used.

The loss of eiiiciency resulting from the use of shields or deflectorsis believed to be principally due to the fact that, as heretoforeconstructed, these devices remain relatively cool in service. While theyare located near the radiator, they are warmed only by radiation andconvection whereby the temperature which they attain is onlysubstantially that of the room, as distinguished from that of the heatedparts of the radiator. The effect of the shield is therefore to retardthe upward movement of the air which comes in contact with its rela-Vtively cool surfaces.

The present invention accordingly contemplates an arrangement wherebythe risin air is not only diverted awayfrom the ad]acent wall or windowby walls which have substantially the same temperature as the heatedparts of the radiator, but which also serve to confine the air in itstravel over the heated surfaces until the maximum temperature isattained. A greater velocit of air movement thus results and increaseefficiency is secured, frequently to such an eX- tent that the columnsor loops of the' I'adian tor ma be more widely separated than has heretoore been customary without enlarging the overall dimensions of aradiator of predetermined heating capacity because of the reduced amountof heating surface re quired. Not only is more space thus pro vided forthe movement of air upwardly between the coils but a much less amount ofthe heatingfluid is required to fill the radiator, and this is of greatimportance when hot water is used as the heating medium. By the use ofsuch radiators the total amount of water in a given system is reducedand a more prompt response to changes in the condition of the lire isinsured.

This application is in part a continuation of my application for patenton radiator, Serial No. 184,065 filed August 2, 1917, and allowed July3d, 1919.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a front elevation showing oneform of radiator embodying the features of improvement provided by theinvention, some parts being broken away;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the same;

F'ig. 3 is a plan sectional view taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1;

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are detail perspective views showing the coveringplates which may be used in the construction of the radiator;

Figs. 7 and 8 are similar to Figs. 1 and 2 respectively, but show adifferent style of radiator; and

Fig. 9 is a detail plan sectional view showing another form ofconstruction.

When the radiator is to .rest upon the floor of the room, near a wall orwindow` one of the two forms of construction illustrated in Figs. 1, 2and 3 and in Fig. 9 may be used. In either case the radiator willusually comprise a series of upright loops, as 10, 11, or 12. 13,arranged side b, side with intervening air spaces, as 14, vigs. 1 and 3)or 15 (Fig. 9). Each of the loops 10, 11, and 12, 13, comprises aplurality of chambered columns, three columns, as 16, 17, and 42 beingshown in Figs. 1, 2` and 3 and twocolumns 18, I9 being shown in Fig. 9.In the illus trated @constructionstheseeolumns are con-.`

nected Vonly at the top and bottom of the loops. Under thesecircumstances, the air spaces 14 or `15, betweenfthe .loops areconnected throughout the greater portion ot their length by air spaces,2() or 21, located be-l tween the columns of the several loops."'

plates, 23, 24, and 43. As each of these,

plates is ,relatively narrow, and makes close 20 contact with, theradiator loops along both Y of its margins,throughoutlhe `entire lengthof the-plate, the plates are suliiciently heated by, conduction tobecome a part of the effective heating s urfacevof the radiator. The

' 25' plates 23 Vare applied to ends of the radiator.

' These-platesaccordingly serve to close the air spaces 20 between'theadjacent columns 16, 42 and 17 ,142,"- of the terminal loops, as 10.

(Fig. 3).

`The plates-24Aare1of less -lengtlithan the height of the radiator andare 'formed WithV 1 openings 27 in -their upper portions wherebyY theyserve to cover the, air spaces 14 at the front of the radiator, butonly` in the intermediate heightof the same. Openings 28 are accordinglyprovided below the plates 24-or the admission of air at the lower frontportion. of the radiator and this air. after being -heated during itsupward travel 4D through the air spaces 14 of the radiator, is

discharged in a substantially horizontal for' Ward direction throughtheopenings 27 in the upper portions' of the plates 24. Owing to therelatively vvide lseparation of the radiator columns or lloops 10,A 11,ample room isv providedfor the movement and heating of large volumes ofair. f

The plates 25 extend nearly the full w height of the radiator at theback and conneet with the plates 43W-hich extend over i the top of thesame to the upper ends of the plates-24above the o enings 27 The plates'and 43, :like the p ates 24, areof suitable VWidth to cover the spaces14 between' ad- 'i 55 .jacent columns, as 10', 11. The several plates i24, 25 and 42 accordingly cooperate to coni nethe air currents Withinthe air s aces 14" i and2() -in the intermediate height 0 the ra-AHdiator'and todiseharge thewheated air outiwardly `into theroom awayfrom the adjam cent wall or window.

Glampihg bolts 30 and lEll-serve for securingl the plates 23,: 24; andV25 in place. As

,shown; the clampingbolts 3() extend through! a: frtheyplates ,23;and-."throughrsuitable anchor iside fof the same.

plates, as'32, which bridgefthe space between the columns 16, 42 (ir 17,42, of the corresponding radiator loop, as 10, upon the in- The clampingbolts 31. on the other hand, extend continuously through the plates 24and 25. In each case the clamping bolts should be :-:.u{iicientl vYnumerous to insure iirm engagement ot the margins of the correspondingplates with the radiator loops, throughout the entire length of theplates. While the plates 23, 24, 25 and 43 Will usually be formed offmetal, they may be produced from a special plastic composition-ofrelatively high heat conducting quality, when ornamentation of theplates is particularly desired. lAs shown the plates 24, 25, and 43 areformed of thin cast metal with ornamented exterior surfaces and theadjacent ends of the plates 24,

43 and 25, 43 are rabbeted and united withv clamping bolts 44 Fig. 2)'.Il desired one of the plates 24 may be so formed as to provide a lWell45 extending invvardlj7 therefrom between the adjacent loops of theradiator, the upper end o'f the Well Vbeing` preferably vjust below thelevel of the lower margin of the corresponding opening 27 VThe well 45may thus he filled Withwater through the opening' 27 for humidifving theatmosphere of theV room in which the radiator is used.

vThe radiator illustrated in Fig. 9 is constructed toconfine and directVthe/ascending air currents in the same manner as the radiatorillustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and In thisY instance` however,- the coverplates for the intervening air spaces 15 and 21 are formed bv providingthe `radiator vloops 12, 13. with integral meeting 'marginal anges 33.34., the terminal loops, as 12, being each also formed lwith anintegraly web 35, be-

4tween the columns 18, 19. Under these circumstances. the flanges 33Aand 34 and the Webs'35 have true' conductingnheating surfaces,l whereasin the form of construction illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. thel plates23, 24 and 25RhaveronlyA what is known as contact surface.

Figs. '7 and 8 illustrate a type ofzwall radiatorforming the subject ofmy` applications for mechanical andy design patents Serial No.

154,349, and Serial No.` 154.413 tiled March 12th, 1917. A's the columns36 of this radiator are connected at top= and bottom by tubular headers37, which extend throughout the length oftheradiator, flat plates'38 and39,d applied to :the front and back of the radiator,are lsullicient to'secure the desired result in'V confining vand" diverting the Aascendingair currents. Each of the plates-38and 39 is of suitable widthtofmake-close contact at its opposite margins with two adjacent columns36f of the radiator and to' form a' cover for the intervening air-space,as 40. As in` the form? of constructionfillustrated llfig s.ff.a1i l` 8,the -plates 38 which are applied at the front ofthe radiator are ofsuoli length as to extend only in the intermediate height of theradiator, while the plates 39 which are applied at the back of theradlator extend throughout the full height except for a short distanceadjacent its lower ed e. The plates 38 and 39 are held in lace yclamping bolts 41 which extend continuously through the correspondingplates of bot sets.

The oset columns 36 of the wall radiator forming the subject of my saidapplications for deslgn and mechanical patents are peculiarly adaptedfor diverting the ascending air currents outwardly away from theadjacent wall or window in the manner provided by the present inventionalthough the present invention is not limited in its application to thisparticular type` of wall radlator. As the plates 23, 24, 25, illustratedin Figs. 1,2, and 3, the webs and flanges 33, 34, 35, Fig. 9) and theplates 38 and 39 (Figs. 7 and 8) have substantially7 the sametemperature as other parts of the radiator, they assist in etfecting,rather than result in retarding, the upward movement of the aircurrents. Furthermore, the air is so confined that it is required totravel over the heated surfaces for a substantial distance and a hightemperature is attained. An increased velocity of the ascending aircurrents thereby results and this not only serves to render the radiatormore eicient but it also serves to elect a more uniform distribution ofthe air throughout the room as it is discharged outwardly away from thewall in the upper portion of the radiator. There are accordingly nolocal accumulations of dirt upon the walls or ceilings and the radiatorsarenot required to be of increased size, although they may contain aless number of columns or loops.

I claim as my invention: x

1. A radiator comprising, in combination, a series of upright heatingcolumns arranged side by side with intervening air spaces, and two setsof upright wall plates each having close contact at its opposite edgesthroughout its entire length wlth the outer edge of two adjacentcolumns, the plates of one set covering the said intervening air spacesthroughout a substantial dis- Vtance in the intermediate heights only ofthe radiator at one side of the same, but not covering air spacesadjacent the top and bottorn of the radiator, and the plates of theother set extending from a point adjacent the bottom of the radiator atthe other side of the same to and over the top of the radiator.

2. A radiator comprising, in combination, a series of upright heatingcolumns arranged side by side with intervening air spaces and heatconducting walls making close contact with the outer margins of thecolumns and covering the intervening air spaces throughout a substantialvertical distance in the intermediate height only of the radiator at thefront side of the same, but leaving uncovered air spaces adjacent thetop and bottom of the radiator at the front side of the same, andclosing the air spaces at the back of the radiator to a point adjacentthe bottom thereof whereby air entering at the lower portion of saidradiator will be directed upwardly along said columns and laterallyoutwardly from a point adjacent to the upper portion of said radiatorfor heating and circulating the air in the space occupied by saidradiator.

3. A radiator comprising, in combination, a series of upright columnsarranged side by side, with intervening air spaces, two sets of uprightwall plates located on opposite sides of the radiator, each plate havingclose contact at its opposite edges with the adjacent outer edges of twoadjacent columns, and one of said plates having a water well associatedtherewith which extends inwardly from said plate between the adjacentcolumns of the radiator.

AUGUST KEHM.

